More information: Jianchen Zheng et al, 4D Printed Butterfly-Inspired Hydrogel Structures: Simple Strategies for Multiform Morphing, ACS Materials Letters (2025). DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.4c02589 ...

D printing of tubular biocomposites reveals moisture-sensitive actuators, offering insights into programmable materials for ...

Stimuli responsive hydrogels can be used in optical communication, but are not always as complex as required. Here, the authors report the use of 4D hydrogel morphing for gated verification of ...

Get Instant Summarized Text (Gist) A new 4D printing technology using femtosecond lasers enables precise micro-scale deformation of smart hydrogels, inspired by the structure of butterfly wings ...

A Chinese research team has developed a single-step femtosecond laser 4D printing technology that enables rapid and precise micro-scale deformation of smart hydrogels. This innovation, inspired by ...