or the cell surface receptors (the 'extrinsic' pathway). Mitochondria-mediated apoptosis occurs in response to a wide range of death stimuli, including activation of tumor suppressor proteins ...

mutant Parkin enzyme no longer ubiquitinates BCL-2 antagonistic killer 1 (BAK), a protein which promotes mitochondrial permeabilization. This causes apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the brain. 15 ...

The two apoptosis ... cell-surface death receptors (DRs), and the intrinsic pathway is tightly controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins and involves the disruption of mitochondrial membrane ...

Mitochondria, traditionally acclaimed as the powerhouses of eukaryotic cells due to their role in ATP synthesis, are ...

Caenorhabditis elegans drp-1 and fis-2 Regulate Distinct Cell-Death Execution Pathways ... mitochondrial fission and fusion processes and have been implicated in controlling the release of caspase ...

Figure 1. The framework of host immunological pathways and their relation to programmed cell death. Apoptosis is related to host anti-virus eradicable THαβ immunity. Autophagy is related to host ...