The atmosphere interacts closely with the rest of the Earth system – including the biosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere ... INAR team is a pioneer in Earth system-Atmosphere interaction research, and in ...

The atmosphere and the ocean are treated equally, as many of the most critical research problems from a societal point of view involve an intimate coupling between these two elements of the ...

Environmental geologists study the interaction between the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and human activities. They work to solve problems associated with pollution, waste management, ...

Aa Aa Aa Biogeochemical cycles describe pathways by which chemical elements move through both biotic (the biosphere) and abiotic compartments (the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere ...

Earth is a complex system, with myriad interactions and feedbacks among the atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, cryosphere, and biosphere, as well as the people, institutions, and technologies that ...