Bacteria have an interesting answer ... have revealed that the formation of this kind of secondary structure in RNA upstream of RNA polymerase can lead to dissolution of the RNA polymerase ...

An RNA polymerase II molecule is about 15 nanometers across, or roughly 5,000 times smaller than the width of a human hair. This image was created by reconstructing X-ray diffraction crystallography ...

Within a cell, DNA carries the genetic code for building proteins. To build proteins, the cell makes a copy of DNA, called mRNA. Then, another molecule called a ribosome reads the mRNA, translating it ...

This enables the RNA polymerase (RNAP ... together efficiently directly. Bacteria are the most well-understood prokaryotes, ...

Antibodies can be effective defenders against both bacteria ... Viral RNA with a base sequence complementary to that of messenger RNA (mRNA). The RNA must be converted to positive-sense RNA by a viral ...