Cytologists had been studying chromosome behavior since the late 19th century. Why did it take until 1956 to figure out the correct human chromosome number, thanks to Joe Hin Tjio and Albert Levan?

Human biological sex is determined by the sex chromosomes X and Y. In most cases, females possess two X chromosomes, while males have one X and one Y. However, there is some evidence that the Y ...

In particular, it explains that humans have one fewer chromosome pair in their cells than apes, due to a mutation found in chromosome number 2 that caused two chromosomes to fuse into one.

So why has the male-determining chromosome been shrinking? And what does this mean for the future of men and humankind as a ...

How did researchers complete this chromosome map years ahead ... many more exciting and unexpected links to human disease. Within a span of only 13 years, an amalgam of public and private ...

It’s not clear why these backups have evolved. The new Y chromosome sequences could spell change for metagenomics research, which involves sequencing microbial genomes. Human DNA contaminants often ...