Antibody drugs have reshaped how we treat diseases. By harnessing the immune system to destroy tumours or temper excessive inflammation in autoimmune disorders, these therapeutics have become ...

How do antibody engineers select isotypes ... Human IgG4 was exchanged for human IgG1 within the constant region of keliximab, and two variants (IgG4-E and IgG4-PE) were tested.

class switching in the heavy-chain constant region, and increased affinity for antigen in the variable region. In 1991, I was invited to work at the National Institutes of Health as a Fogarty Scholar.