Mechanical turbulence results from ground obstacles, with terrain awareness and flight path adjustments key to managing it.

The two primary kinds of turbulence are clear-air turbulence and convective turbulence, the turbulence that occurs in, say, thunderstorms or in big clouds, big lines of clouds. Clear-air ...

The Delta Air Lines flights between Memphis, Tennessee, and Atlanta flew the unusual routes as storms hit the South and the Midwest.

The foundation of statistical theory of turbulence will be examined and the problem of ... Finally, the problem of heat transfer by natural convection for both laminar and turbulent boundary layer ...

Often this convection reaches a couple of kilometers above the surface (causing for example the turbulence often felt in an airplane during daytime takeoffs and landings). The buoyant air exerts a ...

Theoretical and computational astrophysics, including solar and stellar convection, magnetic dynamo action within stars, turbulence in many settings, and helioseismology. Central to this is ...