By the early 1900s, scientists had identified major layers of the atmosphere based on how the temperature changed at different levels above the sea. Thanks to these studies, we now know the five ...

“The VLT enabled us to probe three different layers of the exoplanet’s atmosphere in one fell swoop,” says Leonardo A. dos ...

Using high-resolution spectroscopy, astronomers analyzed how starlight filters through different layers of the exoplanet’s ...