hydrosphere, and lithosphere) on Earth. Along with energy flows, biogeochemical cycles establish the relations among ecosystem compartments at local, regional and global scales. In these systems ...

The atmosphere interacts closely with the rest of the Earth system – including the biosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and lithosphere – as well as with urban areas and societies on time scales from ...

Processes operating in the hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere interact at multiple scales to determine the structure, function and health of terrestrial ecosystems. Although numerous studies have ...

The post This Living Ecosystem That Exists Below The Earth’s Surface Has A Carbon Mass Of 15 To 23 Billion Tons first on TwistedSifter.