Alternatively, production is P = I - F - R. Most energy flow diagrams in textbooks show production flowing from one trophic level into another. In reality, however, production is a growth process ...

Energy flow diagrams often depict secondary production as the flow leaving one trophic level and entering (being ingested by) the next. Many ecologists, however, have demonstrated that secondary ...

Cells close cellCells provide energy which enables electrons to flow through wires and components ... devices such as a calculator. This circuit diagram shows the same circuit, but uses circuit ...