Contemporary logic circuits use MOSFETs as the elements to build gates, but there are many ways to implement them. Using relays is one of them, and you can literally see how they work.

Any typical digital design style with CMOS uses complementary pairs of p-type and n-type ... So, It would be inefficient to use an inverter when the inversion can be optimized away in the logic by ...

CMOS is, and will continue to be, the work-horse process technology of the semi-conductor industry. But designers of large devices, of complex SoCs and of devices using ... the logic behaviour but ...

This approach was used with the Apollo Guidance Computer, which was built using discrete 3-input RTL-based NOR gates. The competing ... still common 4000-series CMOS logic chips (introduced ...

Basic circuit designs using CMOS transistors; Proper layout structures; Methods for optimizing the area, speed, and power of circuits; Use of CAD tools for both schematic and layout of complex CMOS ...