In the inactive conformation, the a-subunit of the G protein binds to GDP and is bound to a beta-gamma complex (a). Upon receptor activation by its ligand, there is an exchange of GDP for GTP (b).

Integral membrane proteins such as receptors and ion channels span the membrane. Peripheral membrane proteins, for example some signalling proteins, are tethered by an anchor, via a fatty acid ...

The membrane of the cell protects the cell from its surroundings and divides it into internal compartments; it is responsible for metabolism, energy production, communication with other cells and much ...

It does that by talking to the membrane fusion protein." More information: Chanwoo Lee et al, Exocyst stimulates multiple steps of exocytic SNARE complex assembly and vesicle fusion, Nature ...