Scientists have demonstrated how to manipulate light by using time-varying media in the form of specialized nanomaterials.

Evidence from atomic line spectra supports the Bohr model of the atom using photon frequency calculations. Refraction of light The speed of light changes as it moves between media. This causes ...

Light changes speed as it passes from one medium to another. This is called refraction. The frequency of light does not change as it refracts. The refractive index of a material is a measure of ...

When suitably cut and mounted between glass cover-slips, naphthalene crystals exhibit the phenomena of conical refraction in a very striking way, and enable their features to be critically examined.