A pericardial effusion occurs when a significant amount of fluid fills the pericardial space. Individuals without pericardial effusion have a small amount of pericardial fluid (15 mL to 50 mL ...

Constrictive pericarditis occurs when scarring and calcification of the pericardium result in loss of normal elasticity. This limits diastolic relaxation of the heart and causes congestive heart ...

Pericarditis may be caused by infectious or noninfectious noxa. Most cases are labeled as 'idiopathic' because the traditional diagnostic approach often fails to identify the etiology. Most ...

The subsequent absorption of the effusion with organization may lead to scarring and calcification, and a possible final evolution with constrictive pericarditis. A response to a trial of anti ...