Two components of cylinder volume are important: (a) The "Displacement volume" is the volume displaced by the piston as it moves between top dead center (tdc) and bottom dead center (bdc). This volume ...

starts with the piston at the top of the cylinder (TDC) and the intake valve open to admit air and fuel. At bottom-dead-center (BDC) the inlet valve is closed and the compression stroke (b) starts.

This diagram illustrates a slit pore system, relevant to the study of nanoscale thermodynamics. Fluid particles (black ... The pore width is variable, as the right wall functions as a frictionless ...