Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino, or Raphael, is one of the greatest artists of all time and was part of the Holy Trinity of the High Renaissance alongside Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci.

A few feet away, a pen-and-ink study of the Virgin and Child by Raphael – who arrived in Florence around 1504 – replicates part of this design; for an electrifying second, it feels as if we ...