Objective: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are the most ... as well as ACL biomechanics, anatomy, and nonsurgical and surgical management so that generalists as well as sports medicine ...

These blood vessels supply the vertebrae, muscles, and ligaments of your lumbar ... injections or surgery for your lumbar spine. Understanding the basic anatomy of the five lumbar bones that ...

Each facet joint is connected to a capsular ligament. The cauda equina is a fanning bundle of lumbar and sacral nerve roots exiting the spinal cord. The cordtypically terminates at the L1-L2 level ...

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a progressive spinal disease characterized by ectopic bone formation in the spine, leading to severe neurological symptoms due to ...