The beam will eject source atoms towards the substrate which then deposit as a thin film. The high vacuum ensures near line-of-sight deposition leading to minimal sidewall coverage, which is ideal for ...

Ongoing research is dedicated to overcoming these obstacles, with a focus on developing new materials, enhancing deposition techniques, and understanding the fundamental properties of thin films at ...

Image Credit: Dave Hoeek/Shutterstock.com Modern semiconductor devices require the deposition of thin films ... composition or film density. Although the exact mechanism remains unclear, it ...