Air-Sea Interaction: The exchange of momentum, heat, and moisture between the atmosphere and the ocean surface. Turbulent Boundary Layer: A layer of fluid near a boundary (like the ocean surface ...

Although the troposphere is often thought of as the closest layer of the atmosphere to the Earth's surface, the planetary boundary layer ... and the turbulent movement of aerosols throughout ...

The size of the wake decreases, indicating that the boundary layer separation on the cylinder or sphere occurs further along the surface than before. What has happened? The phenomenon is related to ...

Thus, forests serve as large water pumps between the soil and the atmosphere. The boundary layer of the canopy is ... the greater the wind turbulence it creates, and the more wind (and therefore ...

Different layers of the atmosphere can have different densities with air moving at different speeds, causing turbulence between layers. This turbulence can cause the formation of a wave pattern ...