The stratosphere is the atmospheric layer extending from 10 km to about 50 km in altitude above the Earth's surface. Below this is the troposphere, which is in contact with the oceans and ...

Water naturally circulating in the troposphere leaks into the stratosphere — but this leak ... "If we put in some particles that would make it easy for ice to form, then ice will form," Schwarz ...

For example, millions of weather stations all around the world, hundreds of meteorological balloons and countless airplanes provide daily measurements of the entire troposphere, the atmosphere's ...

A strong polar vortex in the stratosphere has brought subzero temperatures to the Midwest, Mid-Atlantic and deep into the South.