What roils beneath Earth's surface may feel a world away, but the activity can help forge land masses that dictate ocean ...

When a massive, black patch, known as a polynya, was spotted by NASA scientists for the first time, satellite operators were ...

A 2014 satellite image captured a rare glimpse of a massive, eerily circular ring of clouds that formed slap-bang in the ...

Recent discoveries offer deeper insight into the movement of tectonic plates. New research has found that variations in rock ...

On Earth, convection deep in the mantle provides the energy that drives plate tectonics. The Earth's crust, about 40 kilometers thick in continents and 6 km in ocean basins, is too thin and cool ...

Two continents collided millions of years ago, forming a bridge that changed Earth's climate system and triggered one of ...

These transformations influence tectonic plate dynamics and mantle convection. The discovery of an unusually thick transition zone beneath the Lesser Antilles suggests a unique, basalt-rich ...

Future missions to Venus could also supply additional data on the density and temperature of the planet's crust, which could be used to test the researchers' hypothesis. If crustal convection is ...

As the Earth's crust shifted and groaned over millions of years, something extraordinary happened beneath the surface. Deep ...

The land bridge created by mantle-driven uplift gave early primates and other animals opportunities to branch out.