Protein synthesis is vital for life, translating genetic information from DNA to functional proteins through transcription ...

In human beings, there is a ∼16,569 bp circular mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encoding 22 tRNAs, 12S and 16S rRNAs, 13 polypeptides that constitute the central core of ETC/OxPhos complexes, and some ...

Prokaryotes have cytoplasm, which is defined as the total inner-cellular volume, and serves as the site for most cellular processes. The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance that contains water, enzymes, ...

Every living organism falls into one of two groups: eukaryotes or prokaryotes, with cellular structure determining which group an organism belongs to. Prokaryotes are unicellular and lack a nucleus ...

Prokaryotic cell DNA is a single molecule, found free in the cytoplasm; additional DNA is found on one or more rings called plasmids.

Northwestern Medicine investigators have discovered a novel mechanism that recognizes and eliminates "bad" transcriptional ...

This manuscript describes an important finding of the transcriptional control of a chimeric gene transfer agents (GTA) cluster in Bartonella by a processive anti-termination factor (BrrG). The ...

Anillin (ANLN), a mitotic protein that regulates contractile ring assembly, has been reported as an oncoprotein. However, the function of ANLN in cancer cells, especially in the nucleus, has not been ...

The origin of eukaryotes was among the most important events in the history of life, spawning a new evolutionary lineage that led to all complex multicellular organisms. However, the timing of this ...