In 1920, astronomers Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis held a Great Debate. Shapley argued that the spiral nebulae were small and in the Milky Way, while Curtis took a more radical position that they ...

Hubble’s work pushed the field of astronomy forward, starting with his paper demonstrating that some objects exist outside ...

These glass plates recorded images of the night sky using a light-sensitive emulsion covering their ... from how bright it appears using the inverse square law. The more distant the star is ...

If you’re managing your own assets, you can do a rough calculation by reverse engineering the 4% rule: Multiply your planned annual spending by the inverse of the withdrawal percentage ...