In order to achieve this, it is necessary to infer gene interactions that are not directly observed (i.e. latent or hidden) by way of structural equation modeling (SEM) on the expression levels or ...

When you have the average production of three machines, it is easy to calculate the average or mean production. You just add up the three means and divide by three. But what if I want the average ...

This is the formula: The excess return of the portfolio over the risk-free rate is standardized by the standard deviation of the excess of the portfolio return. How It Works Hypothetically ...

Specialization is for insects.” So, in the interest of not being insects, here are my top-five physics equations you should know. 1. Newton’s Second Law I’m sure you've seen this one before ...

Standard deviation is a measure of variation of a dataset relative to its mean. In finance, this statistic can be used to measure an asset’s relative riskiness. Standard deviation is flawed in ...

Fact checked by Suzanne Kvilhaug Reviewed by Chip Stapleton For a given data set, standard deviation measures how spread out the numbers are from an average value. This measurement of average variance ...