Schematic illustration on how the super-rotation of Venus' atmosphere is maintained. In the cloud layer of Venus, a vertical and north-south circulation, called the meridional circulation ...

The pressure under this heavy atmosphere creates friction with Venus' rocky surface and has likely slowed the planet's rotation over billions of years, Pepper said. A 2020 study published in the ...

The pressure on Venus's surface is about 90 times that of Earth, equivalent to being deep in the ocean, making it inhospitable to most life forms. Venus is covered in clouds of sulfuric acid, which ...

However, further research revealed that Venus hadn’t actually reversed its rotation but had instead undergone a dramatic tilt, effectively turning upside down. Astronomers theorise that a ...