A graben is a valley with a distinct escarpment on each side caused by the displacement of a block of land downward. Graben often occur side by side with horsts. Horst and graben structures indicate tensional forces and crustal stretching.

In geology, horst and graben (or range and valley) refers to topography consisting of alternating raised and lowered fault blocks known as horsts and grabens. The features are created by normal faulting and rifting caused by crustal extension. [1]

graben, elongate fault blocks of the Earth’s crust that have been raised and lowered, respectively, relative to their surrounding areas as a direct effect of faulting. Horsts and grabens may range in size from blocks a few centimetres wide to tens of kilometres wide; the…

Apr 22, 2020 · Horst and Graben (valley and range) refers to a type of topography created when the earth's crust is pulled apart. This process, called extension, can stretch the crust up to 100% of its original size.

Oct 12, 2015 · A graben is a piece of Earth’s crust that is shifted downward in comparison to adjacent crust known as “horsts,” which are shifted upward. EarthWords is an on-going series in which we shed some light on the complicated, often difficult-to-pronounce language of science.

horst and graben, elongate fault blocks of the Earth’s crust that have been raised and lowered, respectively, relative to their surrounding areas as a direct effect of faulting. Horsts and grabens may range in size from blocks a few centimetres wide to tens of kilometres wide; the vertical movement may be up to several thousand feet.

A graben is a block between two normal faults that dip towards each other. The rocks in a graben stand lower than the rocks on either side. A half-graben is a tilted block in a rift zone, that is also dropped down relative to the rocks on either side, but it only has a fault on one side; the other side is typically gently folded.

Jun 18, 2022 · In geology, horst and graben are terms referring to regions that lie between normal faults and are either above or lower than the area beyond the faults. A horst represents a block pushed upward by the faulting, and a graben is a block that has dropped due to the faulting.

Dec 31, 2014 · A horst is an upthrown block lying between two steep-angled fault blocks. A graben is a down-dropped block of the earth's crust resulting from extension, or pulling, of the crust.

When two parallel faults develop, with the block of land between them sinking downwards, a graben is formed. This "downward dive" creates a trough-like depression, often filled with sediments. Formation of a Graben: Graben formation is driven by tectonic forces, primarily extensional stress.