Feb 28, 2025 · Greenhouse gas emissions are making the middle and upper parts of the atmosphere cooler, which leads to a series of important changes. The cooling causes the …

Dec 3, 2021 · Abstract. Detailed meteorological analyses based on observations extending through the middle atmosphere (∼ 15 to 100 km altitude) can provide key information to whole …

Mar 27, 2025 · Improved monitoring of Earth’s upper atmospheric layers has many benefits, such as contributing to reducing the large uncertainty in estimates of the aerosol burden from …

The MU (Middle and Upper atmosphere) radar (34.8N, 136.1E) is a 46.5-MHz, pulse-modulated, monostatic, Doppler radar with an active phased-array antenna which consists of 475 Yagis. …

Aug 18, 2020 · The middle atmosphere traditionally includes the stratosphere, mesosphere, and the so-called MLT region (mesosphere and lower thermosphere). The temperature in the …

Sep 20, 1994 · The vertical eddy diffusivity K due to atmospheric turbulence with spatial scales of 100–10 2 m has been computed from the echo power spectral width observed by the middle …

Jan 12, 2024 · Many layering phenomena can provide tracers for studying the middle/upper atmosphere and ionosphere, such as sporadic E layers, metal layers (Fe, Na, Mg, K, Ca, and …

Recent advances in studies of the middle and upper atmosphere and their coupling with the lower atmosphere in China are briefly reviewed. This review emphasizes four aspects: (1) …

observations. 1. Introduction Anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) have important effects on the middle and upper atmo-sphere, as was first shown theoretically long …

Feb 15, 1993 · The middle atmosphere refers to the region of the atmosphere located between approximately 10 and 100 km above the Earth's surface. It is characterized by climatological …